Modeling the effect of pigment morphology on the dynamic compression of coating layers using DEM

In the present paper, discrete element method (DEM) was employed to investigate the effect of pigment morphology on packing dynamics and compressive behavior of paper coating layers in calendering process. Spherical, platy, and needle-like particles, representing GCC, delaminated clay, and aragonite PCC pigments, were considered in this study. For each particle shape, the compression of coating structures formed by mono-sized and poly-dispersed pigments were modeled. Stress–strain behavior of the coating layers and in-plane and out-of-plane movements of the pigment particles during the compression were computed under the same maximum compressive stress. Simulation results revealed that the in-plane movements of the pigment particles during compression in the calender nip were small in magnitude (<0.35 μm). These findings help to better understand the smoothening phenomena of coating structures during the calendering process.     

A unified framework of opening and closure operators with respect to arbitrary fuzzy relations

 This paper is devoted to a general concept of openness and closedness with respect to arbitrary fuzzy relations – along with appropriate opening and closure operators. It is shown that the proposed framework unifies existing concepts, in particular, the one for fuzzy preorderings as well as the triangular norm-based approach to fuzzy mathematical morphology. The author acknowledges support of the K _plus Competence Center Program which is funded by the Austrian Government, the Province of Upper Austria, and the Chamber of Commerce of Upper Austria.     

形态学边缘检测的新算法及其应用

提出了一种基于数学形态学的边缘检测的所算法，该算法具有简便和灵活可编程控制等优点，比原来主算法更国完善，在实际应用中有着很好的前景，并给出了实验结果。     

河流地貌特征多样性的保护

河流作为一个有机的生态整体与生物多样性共存,构成了一种相互耦合的生态系统.河流丰富的地貌形态为流域生物多样性创造了很好的条件,是生物群落多样性的基础.现代水利工程应该克服对河流形态的多样化重视不足和忽略生态环境的缺陷,在治河过程中,尊重河流流域的自然状况,尊重各类生物的生存权利;认识并遵循河流地貌演变的客观规律,逐步完善河流生态工程建设措施;保护河流地貌形态特征多样性,为生物的生长、繁殖、栖息提供条件,达到保护河流生态系统多样性,维持河流系统健康的目的.     

Pulsed laser deposition of indium antimonide

Single crystalline oriented films of indium antimonide have been grown on cadmium telluride substrates by the pulsed laser deposition technique. The films were (111) oriented which is the substrate orientation. The composition of the grown films were found to deviate from that of the target owing to loss of antimony during evaporation. This deviation from stoichiometry led to film-substrate reaction, resulting in mixed interface. The antimony deficiency in the films were controlled by correcting the stoichiometry, which led to avoiding mixed interfaces. The stoichiometric films showed good surface morphology and well defined sharp interfaces. The IR transmission spectrum showed sharp band to band absorption and effective detection in the MWIR. Paper presented at the poster session of MRSI AGM VI, Kharagpur, 1995     

Film morphology and reaction rate for the CVD of tungsten by the WF6—SiH4 reaction

Journal of Electronic Materials - Low pressure chemical vapor deposition (LPCVD) of tungsten (W) by SiH4 reduction of WF6 on Si(100) surfaces was studied in a single-wafer, cold-wall reactor over a...     

在高速气流粉碎作用下PVC的力化学降解及形态变化的研究

通过ＧＰＴ、ＦＴ－ＩＲ、ＳＥＭ和力学性能测试，研究了在高速气流作用下聚氯乙烯（ＰＶＣ）的力化学降解反应、颗粒形态和微晶结构变化及其对ＰＶＣ物理、力学性能的影响。实验结果表明，经过高速气流处理ＰＶＣ，分子量将有所降低，晶体结构发生变化，颗粒尺寸和表观密度降低，比表面积增大，加工性能和力学性能得到明显改善。     

填充HDPE复合材料基体结晶形态的控制因素

本文以HDPE/玻璃微珠和HDPE/CaCO₃体系为研究模型,通过扫描电镜、红外光谱、偏光显微、小角激光散射和材料力学性能实验等方法考察了这两种体系的界面粘结性、填料含量、粒径及试样成型冷却速率等与其材料性能及基体结晶形态变化间的关系。实验结果表明;在复合材料试样成型过程中,因基体树脂冷却收缩而产生的界面应力可干扰基体中球晶的生长环境,应变诱导填料颗粒周围基体树脂的结晶,促使其表面伸展链晶体结构的形成,并由此而明显改变了复合材料的耐热性;复合材料的界面粘结性是产生这种应变诱导作用,并控制异相结晶的关键。     

A method for quantifying cell size from differential interference contrast images: validation and application to osmotically stressed chondrocytes

An automatic image analysis method was developed to determine the shape and size of spheroidal cells from a time series of differential interference contrast (DIC) images. The program incorporates an edge detection algorithm and dynamic programming for edge linking. To assess the accuracy and working range of the method, results from DIC images of different focal planes and resolutions were compared to confocal images in which the cell membrane was fluorescently labelled. The results indicate that a 1‐µm focal drift from the in‐focus plane can lead to an overestimation of cell volume up to 14.1%, mostly due to shadowing effects of DIC microscopy. DIC images allow for accurate measurements when the focal plane lies in a zone slightly above the centre of a spherical cell. In this range the method performs with 1.9% overall volume error without taking into account the error introduced by the representation of the cell as a sphere. As a test case, the method was applied to quantify volume changes due to acute changes of osmotic stress.